The Arabic physicians gave a detailed description of the pharmacology of important narcotics such as opium, hyoscyamus and hashish . This is why Burton (1886) stated that “anesthetics have been used in surgery

Ibn-Sina recognized ‘physiological psychology’ in treating illnesses involving emotions. From the clinical perspective Ibn-Sina developed a system for associating changes in the pulse rate with inner feelings, which has been viewed as a

In the early part of the Ommyyad Is rule there were founded several asylums to cope with the mentally ill or deranged. The Arabs used to consider imbeciles and idiots as destitute persons